The Concept of Islam Against the Sakinah Family

The sakinah family consists of two words; family and sakinah. In everyday life, the word family is used with many meanings among them, the whole household (the smallest community) consists of father, mother, and child. [1]
The word sakinah comes from the wording, "sakana, yaskunu, sakinatan " which means feeling peaceful, secure, and peaceful. Sakinah which starts from the root of sakan , means to be calm, calm, quiet, stay. [2] sakinah is the existence of tranquility in the heart at the coming of something unexpected, accompanied by a nur (light) in the heart that gives serenity and tranquility to the witness, and is a belief based on ( ain al-yaqin ). [3] The word sakinah is defined by Cyril Glasse with serenity, and peace. [4] Somebody will feel shy when fulfilled the elements of spiritual and material life worthy and balanced in the household. [5]
The sakinah family is basically built on two dimensions, namely dimensions of quality of life and dimensions of time, duration, or stability. Therefore, the family can be described as four groups.
  1. Family with high quality of life and marriage done forever (mu'abbad); this is a sakinah family, a family built on love and mercy.
  2. Families whose quality of life is high, but marriage is done with limited time (divorce occurs).
  3. Families whose quality of life is low, but marriage is done forever, there is no divorce. This is the family of durable rajet (Sunda).
  4. Families whose quality of life is low and marriages are done with limited time . [6]
The image of the family places the sakinah family as a respectable family, which is the goal of every Muslim family as it concerns the future of their children's education. The sakinah family is often depicted with ideal terms. The sakinah family is the palace of married life, characterized by godly wives and children, my home is my heaven ( bayti jannati ), and the blessing house. According to the teachings of Islam achieving peace of mind and peaceful peaceful life is the essence of Muslim marriage called "sakinah". To live a prosperous human life requires peace of mind and a peaceful peaceful soul. With calm and security of heart, many problems in life can be solved.
M. Quraish Shihab in his book Al-Qur'an insight quoted by Asrofi and M.Thohir explain that the family sakinah is a family that is able to create a peaceful, dynamic, and active family atmosphere, which is love, care and care. [7] In another explanation it is explained that "The sakinah family is a family that is nurtured on a legitimate marriage, able to fulfill the spiritual and material necessities in a decent and balanced way, surrounded by an atmosphere of affection between family members and their environment in harmony, harmonious, and able to practice , live, and deepen the values ​​of faith, piety, and noble character. [8]
From the above understanding can be concluded that the sakinah family is a family that is calm, peaceful, happy, and prosperous born and inner and not afraid when facing the storm exams that occur in the household or family.
The emergence of the term sakinah family is based on God's Word Surat Ar-Ruum: 21, which states that the purpose of the marriage is to seek the serenity and tranquility that Allah instills in the soul of husband and wife will mawaddaah wa rahmah (love and compassion). The Word of God in Surat Ar-Ruum; 21, reads:
Among his signs is that He created for you wives from among yourselves, to dwell in them, and to make between you affection and mercy, for there are signs for those who think (Romans 21)                         

Meaning: "And among the signs of His power, He created for you a wife from your own self, that ye may incline and feel unto him, and make it between you a sense of love and affection. Verily in this is indeed a sign for a people who think. (QS Ar-Ruum: 21)

In the sakinah family, each member feels peaceful, peaceful, happy and prosperous. Prosperous birth is free from the poverty of property and the pressures of physical illness. While the inner peace is free from the poverty of faith, and able to communicate the values ​​of life in family and society. [9]
The concept of Islam towards sakinah family is a family built based on religion through marriage process whose members have the ability and responsibility to realize tranquility through good association so as to become a back and shelter for its members and the foundation of the power of society to obtain peace of life. [10]
Islam values ​​family relationships especially between husbands and wives and other family members' units built on justice, mutual need, and complementarity with one another.
Good marriage is a lifelong bond and needs something more than just "caring", "self-fulfillment", and "commitment". Marriage requires each of us to be honest with ourselves, be honest to the spouse and to be honest with God. Islam sees the ideal family portrait is a family that can combine between sakinah, mawaddah and rahmah as a single entity and can realize it in everyday life. To be able to achieve it, it certainly takes a variety of ways and steps that can vary from one family to another.
From the above explanation, it can be understood that the concept of Islam towards the formation of sakinah family is by building a household based on Islam through a process of marriage whose members have the ability and responsibility to realize peace through good association so as to become a back and shelter for its members and the powers of power community to gain peace of life.


[1] Composing Team,Sakinah Family Development Module, (Directorate General of Islamic Community Guidance and Haj Tourer 2002), p. 4.
[2] Pius A Partanto,Popular Scientific Dictionary, (Surabaya: Arkola, 1994), p. 689.
[3] Zaitunah Subhan,Fostering the Sakinah Family, (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pesantren, 2004),    p. 4.
[4] Cyril Glasse,The Quick Islamic Encyclopedia, (Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1999), p. 5.
[5] Composing Team,Coaching Module..., p. 5.
[6] Jaih Mubarok,Modernization of Marriage Law In Indonesia, (Bandung: Pustaka Bani Quraisy, 2005),p. 17.
[7] Asrofi and M, Thohir,Sakinah Family in Javanese Islamic Tradition, (Yogyakarta: Arindo Nusa Media, 2006), p. 4.
[8] Composing Team,Coaching Module..., p. 93.
[9] Ibid, hal. 7.


[10] Mantep Miharso, Qur'aniFamily Education, (Yogyakarta: Safiria Insania Press, 2004), p. 40.

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