Understanding Islamic Education


The word "Education" commonly used today, in Arabic is "Tarbiyah", with the verb "Rabba". The word "Teaching" in Arabic is "ta'lim" with the verb is "Allama". Education and teaching in Arabic "Tarbiyah wa ta'lim". While Islamic education in Arabic is "Tarbiyah Islamiyah"
Education as an effort to nurture and develop the human person, both the spiritual and physical aspects that take place in stages. Therefore, a maturity of ending dots on the optimization of development or growth, can only be achieved if education takes place through the process for the process towards the goal of development or growth. Thus, it is understood that the teachings of Islam do not separate between faith and righteousness. Therefore, Islamic education is both an education of faith and a charity education. Because Islam contains teachings about attitudes and personal behavior of society.
The hallmark of Islamic education is the change of attitude and behavior in accordance with the guidance of Islamic teachings. For that need the existence of business, activities, ways, tools and environment that support success. Thus, in general Islamic Education is a personality shaping.
There are several opinions about the definition of Islamic religious education. Islamic education is the process of changing the behavior of individuals in private life, society and the natural surroundings, by way of teaching as a basic activity and as a profession among the basic professions in society.
Basically Islamic education is a business of physical and spiritual guidance on the level of individual and social life to develop human nature based on Islamic laws towards the formation of human ideal (insan kamil) the personality of Muslims and morally praised and obedient to Islam so as to achieve happiness in the world and in the afterlife.
Ahmad D. Marimba explains that Islamic education is a physical and spiritual guidance based on Islamic religious laws towards the formation of the main personality according to the Islamic measures. In line with the above opinion, according to Chabib Thoha Islamic education is an education that basic philosophy and purpose and theories are built to implement the practice of pandidikan based on the basic values ​​of Islam contained in the Qur'an and hadith. Furthermore, Achmadi explains that Islamic education is any effort to maintain and develop human nature and human resources that are on the subject of students towards the formation of the whole human (human kamil) in accordance with Islamic norms or in other terms that is the formation of Muslim personality.
Zakiah Daradjat explains that Islamic education is an effort of guidance and upbringing of the students so that later finished from education can understand what is contained in Islam as a whole, to live the meaning and purpose and its purpose can mengamalkannya and make the teachings of Islam that has been embraced as a view of his life so as to bring the salvation of the world and the hereafter.
Islamic education is very concerned with individual and social arrangements that bring adherents to the application of Islam and its teachings into everyday behavior. Therefore, the existence of the source and foundation of Islamic education should be the same as the source of Islam itself, namely the Qur'an and the hadith.
To achieve the salvation of the world and the hereafter, in Islamic education there is a central point and circle of Islamic education process up to the achievement of educational goals. The central point is in the form of four essential dynamic potential in the human being namely faith, belief, morals and experience.
According to Zarkawi Soejoeti Islamic education is divided into three definitions, as follows:
First, "Islamic Education" is a type of education whose establishment and operation is driven by the desire and passion of the aspiration to embody the Islamic values, whether reflected in the name of the institution, or in the activities held. Here the word Islam is placed as a source of value embodied in all educational activities. Second, the type of education that gives attention as well as making the teachings of Islam as knowledge for the study program held. Here the word Islam is placed as a field of study or science that is treated as another science. Third, the type of education that includes two understandings, in which Islam is placed as a source of value as well as a field of study offered through a study program held.

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